The excavation campaign carried out by the UniTS Humanities Department team in the area of the ‘House of Dancing Putti’ (near today's Via Gemina), entrusted with an excavation concession by the Ministry of Culture - Friuli Venezia Giulia's Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape Heritage, led to a number of important discoveries, including the discovery of a marble statue of Dionysus.

The ‘quarter’ under investigation, to the northwest of the forum, was characterised by its centrality with respect to the political and commercial heart of Aquileia and to the network of water and land communications within and outside the city. Inside was a vast and luxurious late antique residence, known as the House of the Dancing Putti, which had occupied the entire quarter since its first settlement (mid 4th century AD).

Thanks to the investigations of the University of Trieste, it has been possible to rediscover a series of rooms, once decorated with mosaics, whose characteristics and dimensions can be identified with some of those identified in the 1930s by the archaeologist Giovanni Brusin and subsequently re-interred. This yields important data for scientific research.

The first new development is of a topographical nature: the team georeferenced these remains and verified the actual correspondence between them and archive data (plans, photos, drawings, etc.).

The second concerns the chronology proposed for some mosaic floors that have been dated so far, in the absence of contextual data, on the basis of stylistic typological analysis. New dating proposals can now be made on stratigraphic bases and on the association with the materials found.

A further fundamental result was that of being able to ‘link’ the remains identified in the 1930s with those of the House of the Dancing Putti, of which, in all probability, they constituted a representative sector.

Also of great importance was the work carried out inside an uncovered area, possibly used as a garden, where, thanks to the absence of mosaic floors, it was possible to descend in depth and intercept, more than a metre from the floor level and under a clay fill, an opus signinum (a type of Roman concrete) floor whose chronology is still being defined, but probably predates the mid-1st century AD. Precisely from the excavation in this area, it was possible to recover a valuable marble statuette depicting Dionysus, a rare testimony of the sculptural decoration of this late antique house.

The dissemination of the significant data discovered over the years at this site is also possible thanks to the extraordinary openings of the excavation sites, organised by the Fondazione Aquileia in collaboration with Friuli Venezia Giulia's Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape Heritage (Soprintendenza Archeologia, belle arti e paesaggio del Friuli Venezia Giulia), on the occasion of the European Archaeology Days, held this year on 13th, 14th and 15th June, and the next European Heritage Days (28th and 29th September). These events, like all other public archaeology initiatives supported by the University of Trieste in the excavation site of Aquileia, provide an opportunity to share our archaeological heritage and contribute to strengthening the value of the traces of the past as a shared public asset.

I ricercatori di Genomics England, dell'Università di Trieste e del Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children dell’NHS Foundation Trust hanno sviluppato un nuovo algoritmo per rendere più accurata l'analisi del sequenziamento completo del genoma, effettuato con tecniche di Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) in pazienti con tumori del sangue.

L’algoritmo sviluppato ha l’obiettivo di interpretare più precisamente i dati del sequenziamento nei casi in cui i campioni di cellule idealmente sane, prelevati dai pazienti, risultino invece contaminati da cellule malate.

Nei pazienti malati di cancro, il sequenziamento completo del genoma può essere utilizzato per identificare mutazioni che possono influenzare il successivo sviluppo del tumore e quindi la prognosi della malattia. Per identificarle tali mutazioni è necessario confrontare il DNA delle cellule tumorali con quello di un tessuto sano dello stesso paziente. A questo scopo vengono prelevati almeno due campioni diversi, uno direttamente dal tumore e uno attraverso un prelievo di sangue che in principio dovrebbe contenere solo cellule sane.

Una volta effettuato il sequenziamento del DNA contenuto nei due campioni, le sequenze ottenute sono analizzate tramite procedure bioinformatiche. Si tratta di processi automatizzati che tuttavia, in caso di pazienti malati di cancro, possono incontrare problemi se il campione di cellule sane è contaminato da cellule tumorali. La contaminazione può infatti influenzare negativamente l’accuratezza dei risultati generati da questa procedura. Il rischio è particolarmente rilevante nel caso di tumori del sangue, dato che le cellule tumorali si trovano proprio nel flusso sanguigno ed è dunque pressoché impossibile separarle da quelle sane in un prelievo.

Per risolvere questo problema, il gruppo di ricercatori ha sviluppato un nuovo strumento informatico, un algoritmo chiamato TINC – Tumour In Normal Contamination assessment, con cui stimare il livello di contaminazione tumorale nei campioni normali. Lo strumento si basa su algoritmi utilizzati per comprendere l'evoluzione del tumore ed i risultati ottenuti sono stati pubblicati oggi su Nature Communications.

L‘algoritmo TINC aiuta a stabilire la percentuale di cellule tumorali presenti nel campione normale, in modo che, in presenza di un elevato livello di contaminazione, si possa attivare un flusso di analisi alternativo a quello standard, in grado di fornire a scienziati e medici dati più precisi sul genoma tumorale. Il fine è arrivare a una diagnosi più accurata che permetta di scegliere le terapie più adatte da somministrare a ciascun paziente.

Il nuovo algoritmo è immediatamente entrato a far parte degli strumenti di lavoro con cui Genomics England, società britannica di proprietà del Ministero della Salute e dell'Assistenza Sociale del Regno Unito, quotidianamente fornisce le analisi di Whole Genome Sequencing agli ospedali e ai centri clinici de Servizio Sanitario Nazionale del Regno Unito.

I ricercatori hanno testato TINC utilizzando i dati di sequenziamento raccolti nell’ambito del progetto su larga scala “100.000 genomi”, che nel 2013 ha portato alla fondazione di Genomics England. Hanno quindi confrontato i dati elaborati dall’algoritmo con quelli ottenuti attraverso le tecnologie standard utilizzate per il test di malattia residua nei tumori del sangue. Si tratta di test in cui si verifica il numero di cellule tumorali rimaste nel sangue di un paziente dopo il trattamento.

“I Progetti che su larga scala utilizzano le tecnologie di sequenziamento per studiare le malattie oncologiche hanno un potenziale rivoluzionario”, sostiene Giulio Caravagna (nella foto), professore di Informatica dell’Università di Trieste e responsabile del Laboratorio Cancer Data Science, sostenuto dalla Fondazione AIRC per la ricerca sul cancro. “Tuttavia – prosegue Caravagna – l‘uso di tecnologie innovative come Whole Genome Sequencing richiede strumenti di analisi altrettanto innovativi. Il nostro laboratorio è fortemente specializzato nella costruzione di tali strumenti. Lo sviluppo di TINC nasce nell’ambito di una prestigiosa collaborazione internazionale tra l'Università degli Studi di Trieste e Genomics England e la sua implementazione in un contesto clinico su tutto il territorio inglese rappresenta un traguardo eccezionale che conferma il valore della ricerca in scienza dei dati del nostro ateneo”.

“L'implementazione dell'algoritmo TINC nella pipeline di Genomics England – spiega Alona Sosinsky, direttore scientifico del settore oncologico dell’azienda pubblica britannica – ci ha permesso di migliorare l'accuratezza dei test genomici per i pazienti con tumori del sangue. Questo progetto è un esempio di successo in cui dati generati da un progetto di sequenziamento su larga scala vengono interpretati usando tecniche di analisi avanzate, al fine di ottenere strumenti maggiormente precisi da cui prendere decisioni cliniche per la cura dei pazienti”.

"Grazie al Servizio di Medicina Genomica, ora utilizziamo il sequenziamento dell'intero genoma di routine per la diagnostica in ambito clinico - afferma Jack Bartram, specialista in ematologia pediatrica del Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, struttura gestita dal NHS Foundation Trust -. L'implementazione dell'algoritmo TINC ci consente, come clinici, una maggiore fiducia nell'analisi dei dati genomici, che in ultima analisi vengono utilizzati ogni giorno per migliorare le terapie rivolte ai nostri pazienti".

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Studio pubblicato su Nature Communications, 18 gennaio 2024       
‘Clinical application of tumour in normal contamination assessment from whole genome sequencing’

Jonathan Mitchell1,8, Salvatore Milite2,3,8, Jack Bartram4, Susan Walker1, Nadezda Volkova1, Olena Yavorska1, Magdalena Zarowiecki1, Jane Chalker5, Rebecca Thomas4, Luca Vago6, Alona Sosinsky1,9 & Giulio Caravagna3,7,9

1Genomics England, London, UK.
2Computational Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy.
3Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
4Department of Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
5Specialist Integrated Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service - Acquired Genomics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
6Research Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
7Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
8These authors contributed equally: Jonathan Mitchell, Salvatore Milite.
9These authors jointly supervised this work: Alona Sosinsky, Giulio Caravagna.

L’Università di Trieste organizza un corso di preparazione gratuito per supportare i ragazzi che si cimenteranno nelle prove di ammissione ai Corsi di Laurea in Medicina e chirurgia e in Odontoiatria e protesi dentaria.

L’iniziativa, promossa dal Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e della Salute, prevede 350 posti disponibili. Le iscrizioni si apriranno lunedì 22 aprile alle ore 15 fino a esaurimento posti e saranno effettuate attraverso il form di registrazione raggiungibile tramite il sito web e i canali social di UniTS.

Il corso si svolgerà martedì 7 e venerdì 10 maggio, dalle 14 alle 19 nell’edificio H3 (VEDI L'ORARIO DELLE LEZIONI), all’interno del Campus di Piazzale Europa e si articolerà in una serie di lezioni dei docenti dell’Ateneo giuliano dedicate alle materie oggetto della prova di ammissione: Biologia e biochimica, Chimica, Fisica, Matematica e ragionamento logico. È previsto anche un incontro tra i giovani candidati alla prova e gli studenti tutor dei Corsi di Laurea in Medicina e Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, che saranno disponibili a condividere consigli e suggerimenti.

La prova di ammissione, della durata di cento minuti, consisterà nella soluzione di sessanta quesiti a risposta multipla: ogni risposta esatta varrà 1,5 punti, ogni errore -0,4 e ogni omissione 0. Il punteggio massimo conseguibile sarà 90.

Tra le novità che quest’anno caratterizzano la prova di ammissione ai corsi delle professioni mediche si segnala il ritorno allo svolgimento su supporto cartaceo e non telematico, ma anche la possibilità per i candidati di sostenerla in due “appelli”, in programma il 28 maggio e il 30 luglio contemporaneamente su tutto il territorio nazionale - e di potersi iscrivere alla graduatoria con il punteggio migliore.

Il Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca, dopo le polemiche e i ricorsi dello scorso anno, sta affrontando il tema dell’accesso ai corsi di Laurea di Medicina e di Odontoiatria e sono attesi ulteriori cambiamenti a partire dal 2025-26. Il rettore dell’Università di Trieste Roberto Di Lenarda ha partecipato, in rappresentanza della Conferenza dei Rettori, ai lavori della Commissione incaricata di sottoporre alcune proposte al MUR: “Abbiamo suggerito l’attivazione strutturale in tutti gli atenei di corsi omogenei e gratuiti di preparazione al test, quindi il breve percorso formativo che proponiamo quest’anno a UniTS può rappresentare un’anticipazione rispetto agli scenari futuri”.

Tra le altre proposte formulate dai rettori anche l’inserimento nella futura prova di domande psicoattitudinali, per valorizzare la predisposizione allo svolgimento delle professioni mediche.

Il rettore Di Lenarda conferma inoltre la posizione della Conferenza dei Rettori in difesa del “numero programmato”, indispensabile per fornire una preparazione adeguata ai futuri medici e odontoiatri, senza inseguire irrazionali pulsioni demagogiche: non sono, infatti, i medici a mancare ma gli infermieri e soprattutto è il nostro sistema sanitario a non essere attrattivo. 

“L’Università di Trieste ha programmato anche quest’anno 200 posti disponibili a Medicina e chirurgia e 40 a Odontoiatria e protesi dentaria, numero massimo, nelle attuali condizioni logistiche, per garantire un livello formativo adeguato ai nostri standard. 

L’impegno per garantire una formazione di eccellenza ai futuri professionisti dei settori medici e sanitari è confermato dal fatto che saremo uno dei primissimi atenei italiani ad attivare la laurea abilitante in Odontoiatria, per la quale è necessario soddisfare criteri qualitativi molto sfidanti”, spiega Di Lenarda. 

“Stiamo, inoltre, lavorando – conclude il rettore - per dotare questi corsi di laurea di strumenti didattici tecnologicamente sempre innovativi e di spazi adeguati: abbiamo allestito un Centro di simulazione medica e addestramento avanzato che è un’eccellenza europea, dotato di un robot umanoide all’avanguardia che, attraverso un sistema di Intelligenza Artificiale, ricostruisce l’interazione col paziente in modo altamente verosimile; inoltre, grazie alla collaborazione e al sostegno della Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, prosegue l’iter per la costruzione di un Campus didattico moderno e di livello europeo, integrato all’interno del futuro Polo Ospedale di Cattinara-Burlo Garofolo”.

L’Università di Trieste ha compiuto 100 anni!

L’8 agosto 1924, con il Regio decreto n. 1338, fu fondata la “Regia Università degli Studi Economici e Commerciali di Trieste” che avrebbe poi dato vita all’Ateneo multidisciplinare di oggi.

Lo storico compleanno è stato festeggiato dalla comunità UniTS nella sede centrale di Piazzale Europa con uno spettacolo – evento condotto con brio dall’attore Davide Calabrese.

Come un nuovo Benjamin Button, l’Ateneo promette agli studenti, alla città di Trieste, alla comunità scientifica e al personale che lo mantiene vivo e vitale di …ringiovanire, continuando a investire in innovazione e ricerca.

Il simbolo di questa spinta al futuro è la Capsula del tempo, un contenitore sigillato ermeticamente che contiene degli oggetti simbolici del passato, del presente e del futuro di UniTS. La scatola metallica, che è stata interrata nel cortile interno del Campus di Piazzale Europa, sarà riaperta tra cinquant’anni dagli “eredi” dell’Ateneo che ne scopriranno finalmente il contenuto. Nelle vicinanze sono stati anche piantati un ulivo, simbolo di pace e prosperità, e una rosa del Roseto del Parco di San Giovanni.

Un altro seme per il futuro, stavolta recuperato dal passato, è la Campana delle Lauree che veniva suonata in occasione del conferimento del titolo: una tradizione interrotta da trent’anni che è stata rinnovata dal Rettore Roberto Di Lenarda con un nuovo “squillo” grazie all’opera di restauro dello strumento in occasione del Centenario. 

Emozionante infine il racconto del Libro d’onore, l’antico volume che contiene firme e messaggi delle grandi personalità che nel tempo hanno visitato l’Università di Trieste. Tra i tanti ricordiamo Giuseppe Ungaretti, il Dalai Lama, Rita Levi Montalcini, Liliana Segre, Papa Giovanni Paolo II, i Presidenti della Repubblica Sandro Pertini e Sergio Mattarella, tornato anche lo scorso 12 aprile a firmare il nuovo Libro d’Onore assieme al già presidente sloveno Borut Pahor, fino all’ultima firma apposta da Papa Francesco.

“Abbiamo voluto dedicare al nostro Ateneo un momento di festa che unisse passato, presente e futuro e raccontasse la storia di un ateneo che, attraverso tante prove, si è evoluto ed è diventato migliore e più competitivo – spiega il Rettore, Roberto Di Lenarda – in questa giornata così speciale voglio ringraziare chi lavora e studia con noi, oltre le Istituzioni, gli Enti di Ricerca e il territorio che ci ospita per la grande fiducia e il sostegno che ci hanno sempre assicurato”.

Al termine della celebrazione è stata annunciata anche la riapertura al pubblico della mostra allestita al Castello di San Giusto “1924-2024. Un secolo di storia dell’Università degli Studi di Trieste. Immagini e documenti”, visitabile fino a domenica 10 novembre 2024 negli orari di apertura del Castello. La mostra è realizzata da UniTS in coorganizzazione con il Comune di Trieste e il contributo della Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia.  

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 Sul canale Youtube UniTS https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLTBTziWWLo3yJjGUTSgw-SHwLZMQd6vR è possibile vedere: 

• #100UniTS: l'anno del Centenario in due minuti

Sintesi delle principali attività realizzate dall'Università degli Studi di Trieste in occasione delle celebrazioni del Centenario (anno accademico 2023 - 2024)

• Buon compleanno UniTS!

Gli auguri per i 100 anni dell'Università degli Studi di Trieste da parte di alcuni rappresentanti del mondo universitario e di tante persone che, a vario titolo, ci hanno sostenuto nel percorso celebrativo e nella costruzione del futuro di UniTS.

• UniTS in una parola

Qual è la parola che meglio rappresenta il valore dell'Università degli Studi di Trieste? L'Ateneo l'ha chiesto ad alcuni rappresentanti del mondo universitario e a quanti hanno contribuito e contribuiranno per il passato, il presente e il futuro di UniTS.

Fiftyfive years after the Apollo 11 landing, the Moon continues to reveal its dark side to scientists still studying Earth's natural satellite: for the first time, international research has identified more than 20 structures linked to now-buried craters and various inclined stratifications in the regolith, which is the layer of material composed of dust, rock and debris that lies on the Moon's surface and is the result of millennia of meteorite impacts and erosive processes. 

Coordinating the team of researchers is the Applied Geophysics group of Professor Michele Pipan from the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Geosciences at the University of Trieste.

Scientists interpreted geological structures at a depth of more than 30 metres from the lunar surface by analysing radar data collected by the Chinese Chang'E-4 mission from 2019, through the first rover landed on the moon's hidden face and integrating them with measurements from remote sensors.

The investigation involved part of the Van Kármán crater, located within the South Pole-Aitken Basin, an unexplored area of the satellite with a diameter of more than 180 km now at the centre of new geological revelations. For the first time, the researchers used deep learning algorithms based on artificial intelligence to collect and process the data, which allowed them to examine the radar data much more precisely and objectively than before, uncovering features and evolution of the hidden side of the lunar surface and revealing a complexity in the geometry of the regolith that was previously unknown. In fact, the regolith in the area observed does not have a constant thickness, contrary to previous assumptions, but varies between 5 and 15 metres.

‘These results demonstrate the importance of multidisciplinary analyses, which not only provide crucial information from a scientific point of view, but are also the essential starting point for the evaluation of potential lunar subsurface resources and for the planning of future missions and permanent lunar bases’, explains Michele Pipan, Professor of Applied Geophysics at the University of Trieste.

The research, published in the scientific journal Icarus, involved scientists from the University of Trieste, the INAF - National Institute of Astrophysics in Rome, Purdue University (USA), the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhejiang University (China). 

In January 2024, the same research team corrected and validated the radar data collected by the mission, available on the Lunar and Planetary data release system site of the National Astronomical Observatory of China and made them available to the international community through publication in the journal Scientific Data.

Currently, the University of Trieste research group that led this study is involved in a project selected by the European Space Agency (ESA) to send a magnetometer and radar system to the Moon for geophysical surveys of the lunar subsurface.

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Full study published in Icarus

Deep learning driven interpretation of Chang’E – 4 Lunar Penetrating Radar

G. Roncoroni a, E. Forte a, I. Santin a, A. ˇCernok a, A. Rajˇsi´c b, A. Frigeri c, W. Zhao d, G. Fang e,f,g, M. Pipan a

a Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Italy
b Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
c Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Rome, Italy
d Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
e Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
f Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
g School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

The Mare Sopra outreach project devised by the University of Trieste to raise public awareness of rising sea levels caused by global warming is now in full swing. With almost 100 kilometres of coastline, Friuli Venezia Giulia is particularly vulnerable to risks caused by coastal erosion and flooding that could threaten local communities and infrastructure. Rising sea levels in the region could jeopardise not only the environment but also many of the activities that gravitate towards coastal areas, such as fishing and tourism.

In order to better understand the state of Friuli Venezia Giulia's coastline, researchers involved in the Mare Sopra project have recently begun monitoring the Trieste coastline with a special vehicle, a sort of kayak-pedalo-catamaran equipped with modern technology. In addition to the measurements that will be taken, these marine expeditions will be used to gather a vast collection of images and footage, making use of underwater cameras and drones. All updates and videos of upcoming activities will be made available on the Mare Sopra playlist on the University of Trieste's YouTube channel. 

At the end of the summer, the project will continue with further outreach activities on the beaches for schoolchildren and members of the public. The shooting of 360-degree spherical aerial videos captured by a drone is sure to be of particular interest. Images will be selected from underwater dives in order to create a high-resolution virtual tour.

At the end of all these activities, the main coastal locations will be marked with two lines. A yellow line will mark where the sea will be in 2050 and a red line its level in 2100.

Mare sopra is an interdisciplinary project conceived by Professor Stefano Furlani (UniTS), implemented with the collaboration of several partners and the contribution of the Autonomous Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It involves geomorphologists, sociologists and biologists from three university departments (Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences; Political and Social Sciences; Life Sciences), as well as citizens, schools and associations.

Achieving the ‘dream reaction’, the long sought-after reaction that makes it possible to convert greenhouse gases into green fuels, is no longer just a dream, but a real scientific perspective encouraged by the results of a study that has brought together the main research bodies and universities in Friuli Venezia Giulia.

The Istituto Officina dei materiali of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR-IOM), the University of Udine, the University of Trieste, Elettra Sincrotrone and Area Science Park have implemented a synergy that has formed a broad and interdisciplinary research group: collaboration on the project has enabled the development of a technology for the preparation of innovative catalysts capable of promoting the transformation of methane, a potent greenhouse gas that negatively affects the energy balance of our planet by favouring global warming. 

The methodology identified concerned, in particular, the possibility of directly converting methane into methanol, a valuable ally in the energy transition process, by means of a new low-cost material based on Cerium and Copper, whose catalytic properties were explored thanks to state-of-the-art techniques available at the region's universities and research centres. 

‘The possibility of synthesising innovative materials at low cost has been investigated, avoiding the use of additional solvents and time-consuming steps in the preparation phase: this technology simply exploits the mechanical force that modifies the structure of the starting material and makes it more efficient in transforming methane into other molecules,’ explain Silvia Mauri, a researcher at CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali and Rudy Calligaro, a researcher at the University of Udine, both authors of the work. 

‘The result was twofold: on the one hand having identified a promising material for the catalysis process, and on the other hand having implemented our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of these materials. This has been possible thanks to the use of advanced techniques using synchrotron light, together with the computing power available today. This will make it easier and faster from now on to further improve the design and use of these catalysts.'

The study therefore has important implications on supporting the process of the energy transition imposed by the consequences of global warming: ‘Methane is a precious resource and its exploitation represents a major challenge in heterogeneous catalysis: this is why the scientific community around the world is concentrating its efforts on the search for new materials that facilitate its transformation processes into products that can be used in a more sustainable way,’ adds Luca Braglia from Area Science Park. 'This fundamental study identifies a new class of catalysts prepared in an economically and environmentally more sustainable way. It also confirms how the simultaneous use of several advanced techniques and interdisciplinary skills is necessary to identify and develop new materials and technologies to support the ecological transition.’ 

Carlo Federico Pauletti, PhD student in Physics at the University of Trieste, was also part of the working group: ‘I contributed to the project by creating a computer model representing the catalyst synthesised by Piero Torelli's group (CNR-IOM), and then studying its behaviour through numerical simulations. What emerged from our study is, in agreement with the experimental results, a promising activity with regard to the direct conversion of methane into methanol, due to the particular nano-structural characteristics of the material, also observed in the experiments. 

The wide variety of techniques, both experimental and theoretical, used in the study of this system constitutes a considerable added value according to the UniTS doctoral student: ‘It has greatly improved our understanding of this reaction and the material used, and the great variety of approaches has made the work very stimulating, thanks to the continuous comparison with researchers from all the institutions involved,’ comments Pauletti.

The research, which demonstrates Italy's leading role in tackling the crucial challenge of the green transition and new materials, shows how cooperation between regional top scientific institutions brings results of great impact. The results of this collaboration have been described in the US scientific journal ‘Small’, published by Wiley, which also dedicated a cover page to the study.

An international team of researchers coordinated by the University of Trieste has discovered a new species of Antarctic shrimp – the Orchomenella rinamontiae – a crustacean belonging to the order of amphipods, identified in the vicinity of the Mario Zucchelli Italian Antarctic Station by Piero Giulianini, zoologist and professor at the University of Trieste’s Department of Life Sciences, during the 33rd Italian Antarctic Expedition in Terra Nova Bay.

The event opens up new avenues for research and represents a significant step forward for a deeper understanding of marine life and biodiversity in the most remote and inhospitable regions of the planet: knowledge of Antarctic marine communities and the species that make them up is, in fact, of fundamental importance for monitoring global changes due to human activities.

‘The initial aim of the research was to verify the responses of an Antarctic shrimp species to warming seas. However, morphological and genetic analyses revealed that some of the samples belonged to a previously undescribed species,’ explains Piero Giulianini, zoologist and professor of the Department of Life Sciences at the University of Trieste. ‘The new species belongs to a dominant and endemic group in Antarctic waters, scavenger shrimps that play a key role in marine communities, consuming and dispersing food of all sizes. Like a litmus test, monitoring the abundance and diversity of these shrimps will allow us to understand the ongoing anthropogenic impacts on these delicate ecosystems: human impact on the environment, in fact, negatively affects marine communities, hampering their diversity and complexity. But not only that, in our laboratories we will also conduct analyses to study how the newly identified species responds to ocean warming,’ the professor concludes.

For the morphological analysis, the researchers used an innovative and advanced imaging technique, X-ray microtomography, which allowed them to obtain high-resolution three-dimensional images of the new species, offering the advantage of digitally examining the sample without introducing artefacts and distortions due to manipulation.

The discovery not only enriches the catalogue of Antarctic marine species, but also underlines the importance of combining physical and genetic analyses for species classification, through technologically advanced tools such as microtomography, which could revolutionise the way biological samples are studied and classified. As image resolution continues to improve and equipment costs decrease, microtomography could soon become a standard technique in biodiversity research, greatly accelerating the process of species discovery, description and classification.

The name chosen to describe the new shrimp, Orchomenella rinamontiae, is a tribute by the research group to the zoologist Rina Monti, who in 1907 became the first Italian woman to hold a professorship at the University of Sassari, and celebrates her pioneering contribution to zoology in academia.

The study involved the Applied Zoology and Applied Genomics research groups of the University of Trieste (Piero Giulianini, Samuele Greco, Elisa D’Agostino, Marco Gerdol, Alberto Pallavicini, Chiara Manfrin) with the contribution of two experts in the field of Antarctic shrimp classification: Claude de Broyer of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences and Ed Hendrycks of the Canadian Museum of Nature. A physicist and a zoologist from the University of Calabria (Sandro Donato and Anita Giglio) participated in the analysis of X-ray microtomography data performed at Sincrotrone Elettra in Trieste.

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Full study published in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society   
‘A new Antarctic species of Orchomenella G.O. Sars, 1890 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Tryphosidae): is phase-contrast micro-tomography a mature technique for digital holotypes?’

Piero G. Giulianini1, Claude De Broyer2, Ed A. Hendrycks3, Samuele Greco1, Elisa D’Agostino1, Sandro Donato4,5,6, Anita Giglio7, Marco Gerdol1, Alberto Pallavicini1, Chiara Manfrin1

1Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
2Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Bruxelles, Belgium
3Canadian Museum of Nature, Research and Collections, Ottawa, Canada
4Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
5Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Division of Frascati, Frascati, Rome, Italy
6Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
7Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy

The celebrations of the Centenary of the University of Trieste – which will turn one hundred years old this 8th August – will be enriched by an extraordinary cultural event: a classical music concert organised by the University of Trieste in collaboration with the Giuseppe Verdi Opera Theatre Foundation.

The event will take place on Tuesday, 23rd July 2024, at 21:00, in Piazza Verdi, as part of the Trieste Estate 2024 festival.

The concert will be a musical journey through some of the most significant stages of the Italian 20th century, with pieces that reflect crucial moments in the history of the University and the city of Trieste.

The musical programme will begin with “Tramonto” for mezzo-soprano, soloist and strings by Ottorino Respighi, a youthful composition that transports the audience to the melancholic and poetically evocative atmosphere inspired by a poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley. The piece, which dates back to the period before the First World War, outlines the decline of an era of prosperity and cultural vibrancy favourable to the establishment of a university institution.

It will continue with Alfredo Casella’s ‘Concerto per archi op. 40b’, a work coeval with the founding of the University in 1924, which reproposes the national theme in the contextually problematic form of instrumental music.

The evening will continue with ‘Festlicher Morgen’ from Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari’s Venetian Suite, a piece from 1936 that takes us back to the time, troubled by dense shadows, when the foundation stone of what is now the central building of the University of Trieste was laid.

Luciano Berio, with his “Folk Songs”, will then take us into the 1960s through a cultured and innovative reinterpretation of popular songs with the intention of recounting the period of expansion of the University, which was no longer only accessed by the children of the elite, but which became a place where the conditions were created for the social mobility of young people from the middle class and also of those with more humble origins.

Closing the programme will be the “3 unvollendete Portraits” by Fabio Nieder, an internationally renowned composer from Trieste, who with this 2014 work reflects on incompleteness as a characteristic feature of culture and science open to innovation. A reflection that is intended to be the legacy of the Centenary for the future of the University of Trieste, which aims to continue “building the future of knowledge”.

The presentation of the pieces will be given by Riccardo Martinelli, lecturer in Philosophy of Music at UniTS, who will offer the audience a key to better understand the works performed. The orchestra of the Giuseppe Verdi Opera House Foundation will be conducted by Maestro Giulio Prandi. The evening will also feature the special participation of mezzo-soprano Manuela Custer.

“This event,” explains Rector Roberto Di Lenarda, “is part of the numerous initiatives that we have organised to celebrate the Centenary of the University of Trieste, with the aim of creating new opportunities for the University of Trieste to meet the city, also through a greater involvement of cultural institutions. Art, music and culture in general allow us to tell a wider audience about our history and our mission in an original and creative way, enabling us to connect the past with future prospects. The concert also projects us towards the date of 8th August 2024 when we will symbolically celebrate the founding date of UniTS on the campus in Piazzale Europa’.

“We are very happy,” says Giuliano Polo, Superintendent of the Verdi Theatre, “to continue and intensify our relationship at several levels with the University of Trieste and we are honoured to contribute in a significant way to celebrating the Centenary of the University of Trieste with a concert performed by our Orchestra and a musical programme specifically designed to excite with history and culture”.

The Centenary concert is realised thanks to the contribution of the Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia and Promoturismo Io Sono FVG, with the support, in the broader context of the event “Trieste Estate 2024”, of the Municipality of Trieste and Discover Trieste Convention and Visitors Bureau.

Developing a new therapy capable of completely regenerating the heart after a myocardial infarction, forming new tissue and new blood vessels to restore the heart muscle to full function: this is the goal of the RESCUE international research project - Bridging the gap between cardiac regeneration and revascularization coordinated by the University of Trieste, which involves experts in cardiac regeneration and angiogenesis from Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Slovakia and Turkey.

‘For many years, progress in the fields of cardiac regeneration and angiogenesis have proceeded in the same direction, without talking to each other. However, repairing a heart damaged by an infarction requires the formation of both new heart muscle and new blood vessels. With the RESCUE project, we aim to bridge this gap between cardiac regeneration and revascularisation: we want, in fact, to develop a new biological drug containing two active ingredients - and in particular two RNA molecules - that can regenerate the heart and simultaneously promote the vascularisation of the regenerated tissue,' explains project coordinator Serena Zacchigna, professor of molecular biology at the department of medical, surgical and health sciences at the University of Trieste and head of the cardiovascular biology laboratory at ICGEB (International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology).

The researchers have already identified a number of candidate molecules, which have been shown to promote the proliferation of heart muscle cells on the one hand and the formation of new blood vessels, both small capillaries and larger arteries, on the other. Over the next three years, researchers will experiment with different combinations until they identify the most effective one. This will be the first time that two biological molecules, capable of stimulating these two fundamental processes for the repair of an infarcted heart, are combined in a single drug, to demonstrate synergy of action. 

The University of Trieste – the only Italian university leading one of the seventeen projects selected by the CARDINNOV call for proposals – will coordinate the study in collaboration with the Monzino Cardiological Centre Research Hospital, in particular with the research group of Prof. Giulio Pompilio, scientific director and alternate Italian delegate to the Committee for Advanced Therapies (CAT) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA). 

'Myocardial infarction continues to be a major cause of death,' explains Prof. Giulio Pompilio, scientific director of the Monzino Cardiological Centre Research Hospital. 'Research has recently produced new RNA drugs that act on the risk factors of infarction, but there are still no therapies that stimulate heart repair. In the coming years, we expect more and more RNA drugs to be introduced into the clinic for the treatment of heart disease,' the professor concludes.

The National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC) in Madrid, the University of Utrecht, the Lokman Hekim University in Ankara, the Slovak Academy of Sciences, and the PLN Foundation patient association, the latter of which is responsible for educating and raising awareness among patients and caregivers about the new RNA therapies, are collaborating on the project. 

With funding of EUR 1.5 million - of which more than 600,000 are earmarked for Italy, through the Ministry of University and Research and the Ministry of Health - the project is promoted by the EU ERA4Health partnership, which supports collaboration between various European and international research bodies in priority areas in the health sector, fostering the development of therapeutic innovations..